宾语从句
1、宾语从句用陈述句的语序
（1）Can you tell me _____ about the city that makes people
love it so much?
A. it is what
B. what it is
C. what is it
D. is it what
（答案：B。宾语从句用陈述句的语序。）（1999年47题）
（2）No one doubts _____ it is true.
A. whether
B. if
C. that
d. what
（答案：C。I doubt whether/if…我怀疑。I don’t doubt that …我毫不怀疑。又如：I doubt whether he can speak English. 我怀疑他是否会说英语。） （1997年38题）
2、介词后面的宾语从句
（1）The people at the party were worried about Janet because
no one was aware _____ she had gone.
A. where that
B. of where
C. of the place
D. the place
（答案: B。where 引导的从句做介词的宾语。）（1998年48题）
（2）He was a man of fine character in all points _____ he was
rather timid.
A. in that
B. except that
C. for that
D. except for
（答案：B）（1997年53题）
3、suggest，insist，order，demand等动词后作宾语时，表示欲望、建议、命令等时，用虚拟语气。
①His mother insisted that he _____ the coat when going
out.
A. put on
B. puts on
C. to put
D. putting on
（答案：A）（1999年58题）
②The doctor advised that Mr. Malan _____ an operation
right away so as to save his life.
A. had
B. would have
C. have
D. was going to have
（答案：C）（1998年28题）
4、在下列情况下不能用if
, 而用whether。
后跟不定式：He
didn’t tell me whether
to go or stay. 他没有告诉我是走还是留下。
前面有介词：He raised the
question of whether we could find the necessary money.
他提出我们能否筹集到必要的资金这个问题。
引导主语从句：Whether they win
or lose is all the same to me.
他们胜利也好，失败也好，对我来说都是一样的。
后面直接跟or
not：I wonder whether
I’ll catch the last
bus or not.
我不知道我能否赶上末班车。
时间状语从句
考试重点：常用的连词有：when，whenever（无论什么时候），since，as，until，hardly…when，no
sooner…than，as soon
as，before，after，the
moment，the
minute（一…就…）
1、No sooner had they
got the goods covered up _____ it started raining hard.
A.
when
B.
than
C.
then
D.
after
（答案：B。no
sooner…than 引导的时间状语从句。）（2002年57题）
2、She has wanted to
become a nurse _____ since she was a young girl.
A.
long
B.
often
C.
always
D.
ever
（答案：D。时间状语从句，ever
since表示从…以后一直。）（1997年56题）
情态动词
考试重点：情态动词+完成时
情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。情态动词无人称变化，在句子中和动词原形一起构成谓语。根据这几年的考试看，着重测验情态动词接完成时的用法。
一、must +现在完成时
表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测。
1、Mr. Green _____ my letter, otherwise he would have
replied before now.
A. must have received B. must have failed to receive C. must receive D. must fail to receive
（答案：B）（1998年44题）
2、I believe he _____ an accident, otherwise he would have
arrived on time.
A. would have had B. could have had C. should have had D. must have had
（答案为D）（2001年58题）
二、should （ought to ）+完成时
表示应该做的事情而没有做，否定式表示不该做的事情做了。含有对过去的动作的责备、批评。
1、They have done things they ought
_____.
A. not to do B. not to be done C. not to have done D. not having done
（答案为C）（1999年59题）
2、I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, I _____ him
earlier.
A. had a telephone B. have phoned C. should have phoned D. should be phoned
（答案为C）（2000年26题）
三、could +完成时
表示能做的事情而没有做。表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜，遗憾。
1、He could have joined us, but he didn’t get our invitation in time.
他本来能够参加我们的，但是他没有收到我们的请贴。
2、I could have passed, but I did not study hard
enough.
我本来能及格的，但是没有努力学习。
主语从句
考试重点：主语从句常用的连词的用法；it is desirable
that引导的主语从句的用法。
在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫主语从句。主语从句可以由下列连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，且不能省略。
连词：that，whether
连接代词：what，whatever，who，whoever等。
连接副词：when，where，how，why
1、由连词that，whether引导的主语从句。
连词that，whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它在从句中不担任成分，不能省略，且由它们引导的主语从句，多用it做形式主语。
（1）_____ was
unimportant.
A. Whether he
enjoyed our dinner or not
B. No matter how
he enjoyed our dinner
C. If he enjoyed
our dinner
D. What he
enjoyed our dinner
（答案：A）（2000年40题）
（2）That the earth is
round is true.（It is true that
the earth is round.）
地球是圆的， 是个事实。
2、由连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句
它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语和状语，不能省略。注意翻译时不能把它们译为疑问句。由它们引导的主语从句，也可以用形式主语it引导。
（1）Who let out the
news remained unknown.（It remained
unknown who let out the news.）
谁泄露了那个消息仍旧无人知道。
（2）When
we’ll start is not
clear.（It is not clear
when we’ll
start.）
我们何时出发还不清楚。
3、以关系代词what, whatever, whoever…引导的主语从句。
What有时可以用来表示the thing
which这种意思，引导从句，表示一样东西或一件事情。Who，whom，which，what，可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，
ever起强调作用。此类句子不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成份，不能省略，语序为陈述句的语序。
（1）_____ I saw was
two men crossing the street.
A.
What
B.
Whom
C.
Who
D.
That
（答案：A）（2001年38题）
4、句型It is desirable （suggested, necessary, requested, ordered, proposed,
urgent）+that+主语+should（可省略）+V（动词原形）。
（1）It’s urgent that a
meeting _____ before the final decision is made.
A. will be
arranged
B. must be
arranged
C. be
arranged
D. would be
arranged
（答案：C）（2003年45题）
